The sultan is the head of the state and also leading the government, while appointing a cabinet called “Diwans”. Their purpose is to assist him. Regarding the political part of Oman laws, there is no legal political parties in Oman, but the Omani laws might be adjusted, as more youngsters return to the country after having education abroad.

The basic Oman laws clearly state that the Sultanate of Oman is an independent, Arab, Islamic state, and Muscat as its capital. Also, Oman laws govern how the State’s flag looks like, as well as its Emblem. Furthermore, medals and decorations could be awarded only if they comply with Oman laws.

According to Oman laws, the sultan is not allowed to exercise his power until he swears to follow an oath, which he takes in front of the Defense Councils. The oath says that the Sultan is obliged to respect the Basic Law of the State and fully protect its citizens. Furthermore, the Government will continue to conduct its business in the same way as before, until the Sultan makes his oath. Oman laws are based on certain political principles. The most important such principle is preserving the state’s independence, while protecting its security and stability. Furthermore, any citizen should try defending it against all forms of aggression by all means possible.

There are some economical principles involved too, as the whole national economy is based around the principles of a free economy. Therefore, freedom of economic activity is guaranteed within the limits of the law. However, all natural resources are the property of the State, which ensures that they are properly utilized.